24 - UARY 31 JANUARY RUARY 2027

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Artworks

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Galerijen
Galerijen Galerie AB - Agnès Aittouarès Franck Anelli Fine Art Ars Antiqua d'Arschot & Cie Art et Patrimoine - Laurence Lenne Arte-Fact Fine Art Artimo Fine Arts Galerie Ary Jan Galerie BA - Berthet Aittouarès HELENE BAILLY MARCILHAC Véronique Bamps Barbara Bassi Beck & Eggeling International Fine Art Galerie de la Béraudière Galerie Berès Bernier/Eliades Galeria Bessa Pereira Galerie BG Arts Boon Gallery Galerie Alexis Bordes Bernard Bouisset Galerie Boulakia Galerie Nicolas Bourriaud Brame & Lorenceau Cabinet of Curiosities - Honourable Silver Objects Galerie Capazza Giammarco Cappuzzo Fine Art Carlucci Gallery Galerie Jean-François Cazeau Galerie Cento Anni Chambre professionnelle belge de la Librairie Ancienne et Moderne (CLAM) Citadelles & Mazenod CKS Gallery Claes Gallery Collectors Gallery COLNAGHI Costermans Dalton Somaré De Brock De Jonckheere Galerie Bernard De Leye Galerie Oscar De Vos De Wit Fine Tapestries De Zutter Art Gallery Dei Bardi Art Thomas Deprez Fine Arts Patrick Derom Gallery Desmet Fine Arts Virginie Devillez Fine Art DIE GALERIE Douwes Fine Art b.v. Epoque Fine Jewels Finch & Co Galerie Flak A&R Fleury Galerie La Forest Divonne Galerie Christophe Gaillard Galerie des Modernes Gilden's Art Gallery Grusenmeyer-Woliner Galerie Hadjer Galerie Haesaerts-le Grelle Philippe Heim Heutink Ikonen Galerie Hioco Hoffmans Antiques Huberty & Breyne Galerie Hurtebize rodolphe janssen Francis Janssens van der Maelen Kunsthaus Kende Harold t’Kint de Roodenbeke Florian Kolhammer Hartford Fine Art - Lampronti Gallery Alexis Lartigue Lemaire Galerie Lowet de Wotrenge Francis Maere Fine Arts Maison D'Art Maisonjaune Studio Martins&Montero Martos Gallery MARUANI MERCIER MassModernDesign Galerie Mathivet Mearini Fine Art Galerie Greta Meert Meessen Galerie la Ménagerie Mulier Mulier Gallery Jan Muller Antiques Klaas Muller NARDI VENEZIA Nosbaum Reding Dr. Nöth kunsthandel Galerie Nathalie Obadia, Paris/Brussels Objects With Narratives Galeria Jordi Pascual Galerie La Patinoire Royale Bach Pauline's Jewellery Box Pelgrims de Bigard Galerie Alexis Pentcheff Christophe Perlès Galerie Perrin Guy Pieters Gallery Gallery de Potter d’Indoye Galerie de la Présidence Pron Van Pruissen Asian Art QG Gallery Maison Rapin Almine Rech Stéphane Renard Fine Art Repetto Gallery robertaebasta Romigioli Antichità Laurent Schaubroeck Serge Schoffel - Art Premier Segoura Fine Art Edouard Simoens Gallery Herwig Simons Fine Arts Stern Pissarro Gallery Stone Gallery Galerie Taménaga TASCHEN TEMPLON The old Treasury Galerie Patrice Trigano unforget Decorative Arts Univers du Bronze Vagabond Antiques Gallery Sofie Van de Velde Van Herck-Eykelberg Galerie Raf Van Severen Samuel Vanhoegaerden Gallery Maurice Verbaet Gallery Galerie von Vertes Axel Vervoordt Galerie Dina Vierny VKD Jewels Galerie Florence de Voldère N. Vrouyr Floris van Wanroij Fine Art Galerie Watteeu by Edouard & Andrea de Caters Victor Werner WHITFORD Willow Gallery
 

Carlucci Gallery

Francesco Albotto (Venice, 1721-1757) Piazza San Marco, Venice Oil on canvas 134 x 88 cm Authenticated by Dr. Federica Spadotto Provenance: private collection

 

Giammarco Cappuzzo Fine Art

Jacopo Carucci, called Pontormo (Empoli 1494-1557 Florence) Man of Sorrows Oil on panel 66 x 51 cm Expertise by Philippe Costamagna

 

Costermans

Slant-front desk in European red and gilt lacquer, veneered with kingwood and marquetry of satinwood, stained maple and ebonised wood, enriched with finely chased and gilt bronze mounts, Louis XV period Stamped DELORME, the fall-front decorated with a stag-hunting scene. Provenance: L. Morton, Partridge Fine Arts – Recent Acquisitions, London, 1997, pp. 92–97, n° 38 (ill); T. Wolvesperges, Le meuble français en laque au XVIIIe siècle, Paris, 1999, p. 119, n° 71 (ill.)

 

Gallery de Potter d’Indoye

georges jacob

Pair of bergères 'à la Reine' Georges Jacob (Cheny 1739-1814 Paris) France, Louis XVI period Carved and gilded wood H 100 x W 69 x D 61 cm Stamped Georges Jacob Provenance: Jacques Perrin, Paris, 1997 Pair of carved and gilded wood Bergères with rounded backs, decorated with acanthus leaves and an interlacing frieze. Tapered and caned legs with gadroons. The arched crest surmounts padded armrests, the frames carved with guilloche patterns and foliage, resting on turned fluted legs, stamped G. Jacob. Georges Jacob, received as master on the July 5th, 1765, is the most famous of all the 18th-century French menuisiers. Unlike his colleagues, Jacob founded his company from scratch in 1765 and moved his workshops to Rue Meslée in 1775. This is where the most brilliant period of his career took place and where the major royal commissions were produced. From 1773 he was solicited by the Garde-Meuble de la Couronne, for which he continued to work until the Revolution. In addition to the Queen and, to a lesser extent, the King, his clientele included the main members of the royal family and its entourage. As ordinary carpenter to Monsieur, Count of Provence and brother of the King, the future Louis XVIII, he furnished most of his homes. He also worked for the Count of Artois, another brother of the King and future Charles X, Madame Élisabeth, sister of Louis XVI, the Prince of Condé, the Duke of Penthièvre, the Duke of Bavaria and Deux-Ponts Charles-Théodore, etc.

 

Galerie AB - Agnès Aittouarès

Sam Francis (California, 1923-1994) SF63-046, 1963 Acrylic on paper 90 x 63 cm Signed, dated and located Los Angeles on reverse Listed in the online catalogue raisonné of the artist under n° SF63-046 Provenance: Jean Fournier collection; private collection, Paris Exhibition: Paris, Galerie Jean Fournier, Sam Francis de 1947 à 1988 sur papier, October-November 1988

 

MassModernDesign

jorge zalszupin

Jorge Zalszupin (Warsaw 1922-2020 São Paulo) Guanabara table and Senior chairs, 1960 Rosewood, leather, velvet upholstery H 75 x W 400 x D 130 cm (table) Produced by l'Atelier, Brazil Provenance: private collection, São Paulo Literature: Jorge Zalszupin, Modern Design in Brazil Maria Cecilia Loschiavo dos Santos 2014, pp. 142-143

 

Galerie La Patinoire Royale Bach

Erró (Ólafsvík, Iceland, 1932) Le Wall, 1975 Acrylic on canvas 99 x 67 cm

 

Laurent Schaubroeck

Jorge Zalszupin (Warsaw 1922-2020 São Paulo) Minimalist daybed, Brazil, 1963 Jacaranda, Brazilian rosewood, upholstery H 35 x W 191 x D 80 cm Provenance: Ina Zalszupin (sister of the artist) One of only two ever produced, this exceptionally rare daybed was crafted in 1963 as a personal gift for the designer’s sister, Ina Zalszupin. Its minimalist wooden frame displays a warm patina and supports a refined off-white mattress - an extraordinary example of mid-century Brazilian modernism.

 

Nosbaum Reding

melanie loureiro

Melanie Loureiro (Cologne, 1994) Where Hummed Intentions Drift, Ancient Bonds Persist, 2024 Oil on canvas 160 x 140 cm

 

Axel Vervoordt

Ptah-Sokar-Osiris figure Egypt, Ptolemaic period, circa 332-30 BC Painted wood and gesso H 53 cm Provenance: private collection Jean Martin-Roch, France, acquired before 1936; thence by descent; Rouillac Cheverny, 13 June 2014, lot 15; Sotheby's, New York, 8 December 2015, lot 32

 

Patrick Derom Gallery

Léon Spilliaert (Ostend 1841-1946 Brussels) White Box, Bottle, Shells and Books, 1904 Pencil, India ink wash, brush, coloured pencil, pastel, gouache on paper 41.5 x 27.5 cm Signature lower left: L. Spilliaert

 

Maurice Verbaet Gallery

Jef Verheyen (Belgium, Itegem 1932-1984 Apt, France) Hommage à Fontana, 1959 Oil, collage on canvas 50 x 60.5 cm Provenance: Hans Liechti, Grenchen; private collection, Switzerland Literature: Willy Van den Bussche and Léonore Verheyen, Retrospective Jef Verheyen 1932–1984 (Ostend/Bruges: PMMK – Provincial Museum of Modern Art / Stichting Kunstboek, 1994), p. 76 Exhibitions: Retrospektive Jef Verheyen 1932-1984, Josef Albers Museum Quadrat, Bottrop, 10 July-4 September 1994; Retrospectieve Jef Verheyen 1932-1984, PMMK Museum voor Moderne Kunst Ostende, 26 March-13 June 1994

 

Boon Gallery

tschang-yeul kim

Kim Tschang-Yeul (South Korea, Maengsan 1929-2021 Seoul) Water Drops, 1982 Oil on canvas 88 x 116 cm Signed and dated on side Certificate of authenticity by the Kim Tschang Yeul Estate, Paris, 2024

 

Citadelles & Mazenod

Honzo Zufu Illustrated album in five volumes of the 'materia medica', completed in 1828 by Iwasaki Kan'en H 29 x W 25 x D 19.5 cm Limited and numbered edition of 999 copies Published by Citadelles & Mazenod in 2025

 

Dei Bardi Art

Prophet with a Scroll Second half of the 15th century Scheldt region, Belgium Carved in Tournai limestone H 33 x W 28 x D 7.5 cm Provenance: private collection Flanders, Belgium

 

Francis Maere Fine Arts

eugène dodeigne

Eugène Dodeigne (Belgium, Rouvreux 1923-2015 Bondues, France) Untitled, 1987 Charcoal on paper 107 x 74 cm

 

Chambre professionnelle belge de la Librairie Ancienne et Moderne (CLAM)

Hieronymus Bosch ('s-Hertogenbosch, circa 1450-1516) Parable of the two blind men, circa 1540-1570 Engraving by Pieter van der Heyden (circa 1530-1572) Published by Hieronymus Cock (Antwerp, 1518-1570) 22.2 x 22.5 cm References: New Hollstein Dutch 20 1(5), first state Lex Antiqua, Antiquarian printseller

 

Dei Bardi Art

Marcus Aurelius (121-180 AD) Inspired by the Ancient Roman Type III bust of the Emperor Northern Italy, late 16th century Marble H 22.5 x W 16 x D 11 cm H 35 cm (with red marble base) Provenance: private collection, South of France Carved in Northern Italy in the late 16th century, this refined marble head portrays Marcus Aurelius, revered as the emblematic 'philosopher emperor'. Deliberately modeled on the ancient Roman Type III portrait created at the outset of his reign (161–180 AD), it reflects the Renaissance passion for reviving imperial imagery. Its intimate scale points to a cultivated humanist milieu - likely a private studiolo or collector’s cabinet. Responding to antiquarian collecting and humanist scholarship, the sculptor reinterprets the imperial model as an exemplum virtutis for early modern audiences. Throughout the 16th and 17th centuries, scholars and collectors, deeply engaged with ancient texts and material remains, regarded imperial portraiture as a privileged vehicle of moral exemplarity and aesthetic perfection.

 

Gallery Sofie Van de Velde

wassily kandinsky

Wassily Kandinsky (Moscow 1866-1944 Neuilly-sur-Seine) Kleine Welten, 1922 The Little Worlds consists of twelve prints, including six colour lithographs, four etchings (drypoint), and two woodcuts on Japanese paper, accompanied by a title page and a colophon page Each print is signed and numbered on the colophon page 30/30 (12 prints) 36.4 x 27.8 cm (sheet size) Produced in 1922, this is one of 30 deluxe copies on Japanese paper, published by Propyläen Verlag, Berlin, and printed at the Staatliches Bauhaus in Weimar Literature: Hans Konrad Roethel, 'Kandinsky: Das Graphische Werk', Dumont, Cologne, 1970, ill. pp. 164-175; Helmut Friedel et Annegret Hoberg, Kandinsky. 'Das druckgraphische Werk, Complete Prints, Städtische Galerie im Lenbachhaus und Kunstbau', Munich, 2008-2009, ill. pp. 225-23

 

TASCHEN

ralph gibson

Ralph Gibson (Los Angeles, 1939) Ralph Gibson. Photographs 1960-2024 The most comprehensive collection of this highly acclaimed and prolific American photographer's work offers the fruit of more than six decades of image-making. Available in two limited art editions of 100 copies, each accompanied by a gelatin silver print numbered and signed by Gibson.

 

Gilden's Art Gallery

pablo picasso

Pablo Picasso (Malaga 1881-1973 Mougins) Le bain de pieds, 1960 Brush and India ink drawing on wove paper 20.9 x 26.9 cm This ink drawing is dated 26.1.60.II in ink in the upper image. Picasso created this work on Tuesday 26 January 1960 Provenance: Forum Fine Art, Zurich; private collection, Switzerland; Christie's, London, 10 February 2005, lot 685 Literature: C. Zervos (1968), Pablo Picasso - Œuvres de 1959 à 1961, Paris, vol. 19, reference n° 137 (ill., pl. 32)

 

Beck & Eggeling International Fine Art

max ernst

Max Ernst (Brühl 1891-1976 Paris) Un Caprice de Neptune, 1959 Oil on canvas 27 x 35 cm Signed lower right 'max ernst' Provenance: Paolo Marinotti; Lawrence Rubin Greenberg Van Doren Fine Art, New York; private collection, Germany Literature: W. Spies, S. and G. Metgen: Max Ernst. Oeuvre-Katalog, Werke 1954-1963, Cologne, 1998, p. 194, n° 3425 (ill.) Exhibitions: 1961, June-July, Paris, Max Ernst sculptés, Galerie au Pont des Art Weill; 1966, 17 June-2 October, Venice, Max Ernst, Oltre la pittura, Palazzo Grassi, cat. n° 7 (ill.); 1979, Munich, Max Ernst, Retrospektiv, Haus der Kunst, cat. n° 296, ill. III (colour ill. n° 30, ill. 331)

 

Galerie Oscar De Vos

frits van den berghe

Frits Van den Berghe (Ghent, 1883-1939) Ooidonk alley, 1923 Oil on canvas 48.5 x 55 cm Signed lower right: FVBerghe Provenance: Galerie Campo, Antwerp Literature: Boyens, P., Frits Van den Berghe 1883-1939 (1999), 396, n° 309 (ill.); Servaes, W., V. Van Doorne & R. Van Lerberghe, 1924 Honderd jaar later, exh. cat. (2024), 56-57 (ill. & cover) Exhibition: 2024, Sint-Martens-Latem, Latemse Kunstkring/ Gemeentehuis, 1924 Honderd jaar later, s.n. Ooidonk Alley belongs to the key works of Van den Berghe’s short but decisive stay in Bachte-Maria-Leerne (1922–1923). He lived there at the entrance of the quadruple beech-lined avenue leading directly to Ooidonk Castle. That place was an actual re-grounding – a breakthrough towards a new way of painting that no longer records, but constructs. Here, the Lys landscape is no longer seen ‘from the outside’, but becomes an inner building site. The trunks become cylindrical volumes, the soft bend of the road becomes a carrier of rhythm. The colour language definitively abandons the sombre earth tones of his Ostend years: a new clarity emerges, a ‘new spring’, in which light assumes a plastic role. Ooidonk Alley is thus a document of the moment in which Van den Berghe finds his modernity: pure form, condensed space, a landscape as architecture. This work shows how, at the end of 1922–1923, Van den Berghe redefined the Lys region: as an ordered space of line, colour and spirit – rather than a piece of nature.

 

De Jonckheere

lucas van valckenborch

Lucas van Valckenborch (Leuven 1535/6-1597 Frankfurt am Main) The Kermesse of St. George, 1595 Oil on panel 22.5 x 38.5 cm Signed and dated 1595 LVV on the fountain Provenance: collection of Charles Theodore of Bavaria (1724-1799), Elector of the Palatinate and Bavaria, Munich, inv. n° 138 (according to a label in brown ink on the back dating from 1799, n° 138); collection of Maximilian de Beauharnais, Duke of Leuchtenberg (1835-1852) (fragmentary label); Almas Gallery, Munich, 1941; private collection, South Germany Literature: Pantheon, September 1941, supplement V, repr.; Bernt, Walter, Die niederländischen Maler des 17. Jahrhunderts, Munich, 1948, n° 865 (1960 edition, n° 1216, repr.); Wied, Alexander, Lucas und Marten van Valckenborch. Das Gesamtwerk mit kritischem Oeuvrekatalog, Freren, Luca Verlag, 1990, pp. 176-77, n° 81, repr. Lucas van Valckenborch was undoubtedly introduced to painting by his father Laureys van Valckenborch, before being accepted as a master of the Mechelen painters' guild in 1564. Following the religious persecution inflicted by the Duke of Alba's troops on supporters of the Reformation, he fled the city in 1567 to take refuge in Liège, then in Aachen from 1570 to 1573, where he was reunited with his brother Marten and Hans Vredeman de Vries (1527-1609). He settled temporarily in Antwerp from 1575 to 1577. He was then employed in Brussels by Matthias, the then Governor-General of the Netherlands. In 1581, he accompanied the latter to Austria, staying in Vienna and Prague, as well as in Linz and Nuremberg. As of 1593, he shared his workshop in Frankfurt am Main with his brother Marten; he was granted citizenship on 10 January, 1594, encouraged by Archduke Ernest of Austria (1553-1595). He worked actively in the family workshop until his death in 1597. Considered one of the greatest landscape painters of the 16th century, Lucas van Valckenborch's concept of landscape was derived from Joachim Patinir and Pieter Bruegel the Elder. His very detailed portrayals of the seasons, village kermesses, romantic scenes and townscapes, stand out owing to the meticulous care employed in their execution and the precise structure of the planes leading to the horizon. His panoramic landscapes are a careful observation of the Meuse valley; his anecdotal scenes are painted with the delicacy of a miniaturist, while his landscapes are presented with topographical accuracy. At the end of his life, his deep landscapes with their luminous, refined nuances, bear witness to a creative approach that sought to go beyond the Bruegelian concept, which was never surpassed by his contemporaries.

 

Gallery de Potter d’Indoye

Mantel clock depicting the fall of Phaeton Ormoulu bronze France, Consulat period, circa 1800 H 80 x W 53 x D 19 cm Provenance: collection of Robert de Balkany, Paris Literature: Hans Ottomeyer and Peter Pröschel, Vergoldete Bronzen, Munich, 1986, pp. 354-355, n° 5.9.4.; Marie-France Dupuis-Baylet, L’Heure, le Feu, la Lumière, les Bronzes du Mobilier National 1800-1870, 2010, Ed. Faton, p. 26 n° 1; Marie-France Dupuy-Baylet, Napoléon 1er et les Arts décoratifs. Trésors des palais impériaux, exh. cat. 2013, Macao, Museum of Art, n° 1, pp. 34-35; Thierry Sarmant, Palais disparus de Napoléon : Tuileries, Saint-Cloud, Meudon [exhibition, Paris, Galerie des Gobelins, 15 September 2021 to 15 January 2022], Paris : In fine, 2021; Adrien Goetz, Ambroise Tézenas, Résidences présidentielles, Paris : Flammarion, 2021, p.173 The subject of this clock illustrates the episode in which Jupiter strikes Phaeton with a thunderbolt. Phaeton wanted proof that he was the son of the Sun, (Helios). Phaeton then asked his father to let him drive his chariot. Terrified by the height and the sky, Phaeton veered off course and descended so low that he scorched the Earth. The maddened stars complained to Jupiter, who struck the chariot and Phaeton. 'The terrified horses leap in a large circular movement with pin-wheel escapement mounted on the backplate, the pendulum crutch with fine-screw beat adjustment, and outside countwheel strike on a bell, the canthmechanism showing seconds with original hands'. The bronzier Pierre-Etienne Romain (1765- after 1821) deposited the drawing of a Clock representing the same subject in the cabinet of drawings of the National Library in March 1800. Related works: The Mobilier National keeps three clocks representing this subject: one found at the Tuileries Palace in 1809, another at Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and the third at the Palace of Saint Cloud in 1818, then at the Elysée Palace.

 

Martins&Montero

maria thereza alves

Jimmie Durham (Texas 1940-2021 Berlin) for Labinac PINO (model 3), 2019 Epoxy resin, glass, iron, and bronze 100.5 x 66 x 50 cm 2/15 + 5 AP

 

Samuel Vanhoegaerden Gallery

Bram Bogart (Delft 1921-2012 Sint Truiden) Topgroen, August 1963 Mixed media on canvas laid on wooden panel 161 x 201 cm Signed, dated and titled on reverse Provenance: private collection, London In August 1963, Bram Bogart created a powerful and iconic work: Topgroen (August 1963). The painting – executed with homemade paint on a board/canvas made by the artist himself – measures approximately 161 x 201 cm and testifies to Bogart's radically innovative approach to matter and colour. The work Topgroen is at the heart of Bogart's most highly regarded period, in which he experimented with imposing layers of paint, sculptural reliefs and a colour palette that transcends the surface and becomes almost tangible. In this work, he combines powerful fields of colour with monumental texture: an intense red surface is directly framed by thick, almost architecturally shaped green and yellow accents. The paint is hardly imagination anymore, but matter – as if the paint itself is the object. Topgroen marks a turning point in Bogart's oeuvre: colour and volume become one, the painting resists classical painting through an enormous physical presence of the matter. The work invites tactile viewing: the depth of the paint layers, the shadow effects between reliefs, and the tension between surface and volume make it a masterpiece of material painting. Bogart thus confirms his pioneering role in European post-war abstraction.

 

Vagabond Antiques

Pair of carved Heraldic stone lions Central European, Hapsburg Territories, late 17th century Carved limestone H 90 x W 57 x D 77 cm A striking pair of limestone lions, carved in full relief and designed as true opposites. Each is seated upright, with bared teeth, strong haunches and tightly curled manes. Both wear a crown and hold an oval cartouche carved in bold relief with an interlaced monogram. They were made to flank the formal entrance of a major estate. The form and detailing are typical of high-status Baroque culture in Central Europe and the crown design is especially telling. Each features a repeating pattern of fleur-de-lis and crosses, closely following the design of imperial crowns used in Habsburg heraldry - particularly in the realms of Austria and Bohemia. A crucial distinction is the placement of such a crown directly on the animal - not merely above the cipher - which indicates an emblem of royal standing. Comparable examples can be seen on the monumental lions at Prince Eugene of Savoy's Upper Belvedere Palace in Vienna and others across Bavaria and Austria, where lions were used as heraldic supporters for noble or imperial arms. The monograms are hard to decipher but are almost certainly ciphers for the original owners or patrons. They likely stood at the gates of a major estate or seat of power under Habsburg rule or allegiance, marking out territories and status.

 

Galerie Boulakia

jean dubuffet

Jean Dubuffet (Le Havre 1901-1985 Paris) Lampe et Balance 1, 1964 Oil on canvas 97 x 130 cm Signed and dated bottom centre; signed, titled and dated 'juillet 64' on reverse Provenance: Dr. Jacqueline Porret-Forel, Paris (gift from the artist in 1966); collection in the United Arab Emirates; European collection Literature: Max Loreau, Catalogue des travaux de Jean Dubuffet, Fascicule XX: L'Hourloupe I, Paris, 1966, cat. no. 367 (ill. p. 168). Exhibition: Jean Dubuffet, Galerie Georges Moss, Geneva, Nov. 1969-Jan. 1970, cat. n° 8

 

De Wit Fine Tapestries

victor vasarely

Victor Vasarely (Hungary 1906-1997 Paris) WA-4, circa 1970 Wool 156 x 156 cm Signed lower right corner Aubusson, atelier Pinton (Monogram lower left corner) Edition 1/6 The WA-4 tapestry consists of a large square divided into four squares, on top of which a fifth square is placed, itself divided into four squares. The inside of each of these squares is filled with rhombuses whose colour change from dark blue to purple and then to light beige. These rhombi are arranged on backgrounds of varying colours, ranging from charcoal grey to purple and pink, then from aqua green to pale pink and dark green. The different colour areas are clearly distinct from one another when viewed up close on the tapestry's very fine fabric. But when you step back and view the tapestry from a distance, the planes and shapes seem to interact with each other, and the colours appear to move. The optical effects are particularly striking here. Our gaze is captured by the illusion of movement created by the brain. Vasarely experimented with this fascinating relationship between vision and perception in his paintings, which he then transposed into various media, including glass, ceramics, metal, goldsmithing and tapestry. Vasarely relied on science, because he believed it was the only common language available to humanity. He developed a pictorial system based on the logic of algorithms and binary codes, a square background, coloured and filled with simple geometric shapes. A champion of geometric abstraction, he is best known as the inventor of op-kinetic art (the adjective kinetic derives from the Greek word κίνησις (kinesis), meaning “movement”). Op art or optical art was revealed to the general public by the sensational exhibition ‘Le Mouvement’ (1955), which Vasarely initiated at the Denise René gallery in Paris. In this exhibition he brought together younger artists such as Bury, Jacobsen, Soto and Tinguely alongside the leading figures of Marcel Duchamp and Alexander Calder.  Alongside his work as a painter, Vasarely devoted a significant portion of his activity to transposing his art into other media. He promoted the reproduction of his works as tapestries, as he saw this as an opportunity for recreation, in contrast to the concept of a unique work. He envisioned a concept of art for all, based on a new aesthetic, leading to ‘the polychrome city of happiness’. He thought of his tapestries as prototypes, hand-woven in limited numbers and displayed in the comfortable homes of art lovers. He painted around a hundred tapestry cartoons, woven in various workshops. Furthermore, he played a pioneering role by inviting other artists to try their hand at this art form, including Léger, Jean Arp, Agam, Atlan, Dewasne and Josef Albers. This textile experimentation was the result of Vasarely's encounter with François Tabard, an Aubusson tapestry entrepreneur, and Denise René, an avant-garde gallery owner. According to the artist, kinetic art, often described as cold, is compatible with tapestry insofar as it results from a "technique that allows for flat areas to retain warmth. There is none of the monotony of flat areas applied with a brush to a surface." With Tabard, Vasarely developed a systematic method of creating cartoons, allowing infinite chromatic combinations to be obtained. Denise René was the publisher of these tapestries (1952-1970). From 1966 onwards, the national tapestry manufacturers of the Gobelins and Beauvais wove Vasarely's designs. Shortly afterwards, another industrialist from Aubusson, Olivier Pinton, began weaving Vasarely's designs. More than thirty cartoons were finely woven, including WA-4, created around 1970.

 
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